Tuesday, Adar 11, 5781 / February 23, 2021
B"H
Tuesday, Adar 11, 5781 / February 23, 2021
Thursday night begins the holiday of Purim. The Megilah is read Thursday night and again Friday morning.
There are five mitzvot associated with Purim. These are not part of the 613 mitzvot, as the miracle of Purim occurred about a thousand years after the Giving of the Torah. They are Rabbinical mitzvot.
Thursday, Erev Purim, is a fast day called, Taanit Esther (Fast of Esther). Thursday at the Mincha service we give three half shekels (or the currency of one’s country) for charity. This is called “Machtzit Hashekel.” Charity plates are put out in synagogue so that everyone can perform this mitzvah.
There are five mitzvot associated with Purim, which begins Thursday night through Friday.
1) Reading of the Megilat Esther. Purim night and again during the day we read the Megilat Esther - Scroll of Esther - which tells the complete story of Purim. We must hear every word of the Megilah.
2) Reciting the Al HaNisim. Al HaNisim is a prayer in which we thank G-d for the great miracle of Purim. We recite it Purim during the Amidah prayers and in the Grace-after-meal (Birkat Hamazon).
3) Mishloach Manot - sending gifts. On Purim day (Friday), we send gifts of two ready-to-eat foods to at least one person.
Reason: According to the Talmud, G-d allowed Haman's decree to take place because Jews participated and ate non-kosher food at King Achashverosh's party. By exchanging gifts of kosher food items, we rectify this fault.
Another reason: Sending Mishloach Manot-gifts on Purim is an expression of friendship and unity. We thank G-d for the great miracle of Purim in which our lives were saved, through showing that we are united and care for each other. For there is no greater way of thanking G-d, our Father-in-Heaven, than by giving Him the pleasure of seeing His children united.
4) Matanot LaEvyonim - gifts to the needy. On the day of Purim (Friday), we must give charity to at least two poor people. Although one fulfills the minimum requirement of this mitzvah when giving to two poor people, our sages say, that on Purim it is preferable to give to, "whoever stretches out their hand." Thus, it is customary that on Purim we distribute more charity than usual.
Reason: Same as above, to show that we are united and care for each other. It also helps the poor purchase their Purim meal and enjoy the holiday too.
5) Seudat Purim - Purim meal. During the day of Purim (Friday) we eat a sumptuous and festive meal as befitting the celebration of this great miracle.
HAVE A VERY GOOD, HAPPY, HEALTHY AND SUCCESSFUL DAY
Wednesday, Tishrei 5, 5781 / September 23, 2020
B"H
Wednesday, Tishrei 5, 5781 / September 23, 2020
Yom Kippur, also called, Yom Hakadosh– The Holy Day, is next Monday, September 28. As with all Jewish holidays, the day begins from the night before, thus, Yom Kippur commences Sunday night, September 27. Yom Kippur is on the tenth day of Tishrei, the day in which our sins are forgiven.
Q. Why was this day chosen as the day when our sins are forgiven?
A. Yom Kippur was the day in which G-d forgave Israel for the sin of the Golden Calf and also the day when Moshe returned with the Second Tablets. Thus, G-d chose this day as the day of forgiveness for all generations.
Q. Yom Kippur begins with the Kol Nidrei service. What is the significance of this prayer? Why is it recited in Aramaic and not in Hebrew?
A. Kol Nidrei is a prayer in which we declare our vows null and void. It was established in Aramaic, because it was the spoken language of Jews in Babylon at that time and one must understand what they are saying when nulifying a vow. The only vows which we can nullify in Kol Nidrei are those which don't involve other people. Vows and promises made to others are not nullified on Yom Kippur.
Kol Nidrei gained much significance during the Spanish Inquisition. Then, many Jews, known as "Marranos", vowed to renounce their religion under the threat of death, yet in their heart remained loyal to Judaism. They would gather on Yom Kippur in secrecy and use Kol Nidrei to renounce their vows against the religion that was forced upon them. The Kol Nidrei melody chanted today has its roots in the events of that time.
Q. Why is the Kol Nidrei repeated three times?
A. According to the Talmud, important announcements used to be repeated three times. The repetition of the Kol Nidrei emphasizes its importance. On a more practical level, we repeat it so that those who came late to the synagogue should not miss the Kol Nidrei.
Q. Yom Kippur is a holiday and holidays are ususally celebrated with a meal. Why is Yom Kippur different from all holidays of the year that we are commanded to fast?
A.1) Being the day of atonement, when our sins are forgiven, we spend the time with spiritual matters and not physical appetites.
3) Fasting humbles a person. On Yom Kippur, when we must perform Teshuva-repentance with all our heart, we refrain from eating or drinking.
4) On Yom Kippur, when we are forgiven for our sins, we are considered as pure as the angels, who have no sins. We express this by acting like angels who don't eat or drink.
MAY WE ALL BE BLESSED WITH A GMAR CHATIMA TOVA - A HEALTHY NEW YEAR
Tuesday, Elul 26, 5780 / September 15, 2020
B"H
Tuesday, Elul 26, 5780 / September 15, 2020
Rosh Hashana, the holiday which ushers in the new year 5781 begins this Friday evening.
Q. Why is the Torah reading on the first day of Rosh Hashana about the miraculous birth of our patriarch Yitzchak (Isaac) and on the second day we read about G-d's testing Abraham, commanding him to bring his beloved son as a sacrifice?
A. It was on Rosh Hashana that our Matriarch Sarah became pregnant with Yitzchak. She was 90 years old when she gave birth to her only child, Yitzchak. In commemoration of this great miracle, from whom the entire Jewish descended, we read about this great miracle on Rosh Hashana.
Also, since Rosh Hashana is the day of judgment, we want to recall on this day as many merits for the people of Israel as possible. Therefore, we read about the miraculous birth of Yitzchak when Abraham was 100 years old. Still, when G-d commanded him to sacrifice his beloved son Yitzchak, Abraham didn't hesitate and was immediately ready to do G-d's will. In recalling this story we pray that in the merit of Abraham and Yitzchak’s great trust and dedication to G-d, we, their descendents, will be judged favorably and granted all that we need in the coming year.
Shofar: On Rosh Hashana after the Torah reading and again during the Musaf service the Shofar is blown. This year, as the first day of Rosh Hashana is Shabbat, we do not blow the Shofar.
We make three different sounds with the Shofar -- Tekiah, a long sound; Shevarim, three broken sounds (like sighs); and Teruah, which are sounds that are even more static than the Shevarim (like a wailing sound). At the end we blow a "Tekiah Gedolah" - a "Long Blow." This sound is extended longer than the other Tekiah.
The Shofar is made of a ram's horn to remind us that Abraham passed his final and most difficult test, of his ten tests, to bring his son Yitzchak on the altar. At the last moment G-d showed him a ram which he sacrificed instead. The Shofar made of a ram’s horn, recalls the great sacrifices that our forefathers Abraham and Yitzchak were willing to make. We pray that in their merit G-d will inscribe us, their descendants, for a good and sweet year.
Q. What is the reason for the Tekiah Gedolah (long blow) at the end of the Shofar blowing?
A. The blowing of the Shofar reminds us of the Giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai which was accompanied by the sound of the Shofar. The Giving of the Torah concluded with a long blast (see Exodus 19). Thus, we conclude the series of blasts of the Shofar with a "long blast."
The Shofar also reminds us of the coming of Moshiach whose arrival will be announced through the Great Shofar. May we indeed merit the coming of Moshiach speedily in our days. Amen.
HAVE A GOOD, HAPPY, HEALTHY AND SUCCESSFUL DAY & A SWEET NEW YEAR
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